Date: 09/12/2012 08:02:49 Wednesday
Baghdad (news) / analysis / d. Appearance of Mohammed Saleh / .. did not stray fiscal Iraqi over the past years by the Department of the discrepancy between the issue sufficiently (productivity) efficiency and the issue of justice equity in the distribution of the fruits of GDP of the country.
and this confusion has developed profile current and future fiscal policy confirms options are not Balbsath when matched with the economic results that emerged from the general budget of the country during the past five years. Vkfah justice in the distribution of revenues budget has dominated the issue sufficiently productive, according to quantitative data that indicate the use of nearly three million government employees and the granting of pensions pensions to more than one million retired and a similar number of social welfare, as indicates that given that there are five million recipients of income the government a condition to dominate the estimated distribution of high public budget to include 25 million of Iraq’s population of recipients government income either directly or indirectly according to the system dependency Iraqi adopted. If you look at the issue sufficiently productive, we find that the oil sector, which is dominated by nearly 70% of GDP owned to the state and oil revenues account for more than 94% of the revenue budget, we find that 98% of the labor force working in 30% of the economic sectors contributing to the gross domestic product.
since noticed that the country is still rife with unemployment actual rate of 15%, rising among workers at a young age to be 25% and if we add underutilization of 25%, the total unemployment will rise to 40% which is serious indication that the country is unemployed strongly about production and efficiency in the allocation of productive resources at the lowest point, taking into account that rural areas of Iraq, which includes 10 million people, or nearly two and a half of peasants and agricultural workers coexist on the ration card, food and rural himself no longer a strong source of View Agricultural and that he can not fill the need of food, but less than 30% at best. also receives more than 700 thousand workers and industrial engineer wages and salaries for government factories parked by 90%.
And 90% of private sector factories experiencing the same situation for plants amounting to approximately 30 000 factory where wasted the country a generation artificially merged currently in the labor market is organized within the data underutilization. still the government budget spending public goods public goods for free and 50% of its expenditures and contribution members society in bridging the cost of those goods is worth only less than 1% of total revenue, making people riding first class free. On this basis, accustomed community to take without giving in too much in the concept of justice, a dangerous condition may weaken the country in its democracy and lose individual democratic rights over time.
If the issue of justice according to style of higher distribution, which dominates the general budget of the country and for which Tacherha budget Operating representing nearly 80% of the total public spending and did not leave for investment and real development only share partial, the case requires a specific definition of the function of social welfare Iraqi social welfare function, after describing them from the standpoint of political economy, as a tool to assess the reality of fiscal policy and its future and assess the performance of their tools main In particular the general budget.
To the extent that reflect the function of social welfare from being a means hypothetical can register and views community about justice equity between members of the community in satisfying the needs and show the ability to compensate and distribution between the winners and losers of them, the society stable coherent is that community which has as far as high of justice and that justice would undoubtedly be the prerequisite economically, socially and politically. Despite that, did not end the controversy over how the formulated function welfare to get to the fitness optimal for the economy in terms of the balance between efficiency and equity in the allocation and distribution of resources on an equal footing, only politically Btaterha of political economy of the science of well-being in order to know what the economic fitness techniques that apply to different political situations.
If economic values values in authoritarian societies with economies of central planned. put the planning authority political and implemented with the assistance of economic instruments neo-classical (Kalprmjh linear), the democratic societies in free economies, leading the rules of the game market political bargaining for various stakeholders and then the market itself will determine the optimal dimensions of the prices or values based on the specific social welfare function politically. But it differs in rentier economies dependent on a single supplier for the state-dominated country often, it appears the political dimension, which frames the social welfare function in these countries rentier.
That there is a waiver of the electoral vote Democratic in exchange for compensation compensations source country’s central rents according to criteria based on distributive justice to some extent. Or waive payment of taxes in exchange for ceding the electoral vote. Yet the model of the Iraqi formation function of social welfare is very different from models rentier other in the world, although the state has in its grip nearly 80% of the country’s income and wealth, it is a model ريعيا transitory and shift its dominance totalitarian and centralized economy to build democratic political institutions and the trend towards a market economy. and is framing the political function of social welfare Iraqi in their current is closer to the concept of Rawls 1971, who explained that the best economic regulation and better distribution of goods is recognized by Society majority when it takes is a vote misplaced before recognize its personnel on their position in the ranking of economic and Maatherthm of democracy before investigating beneficial preferential prior, because democracy in this regard is that will guarantee arrangement is better for the life of the individual. , but the problem of economic model rentier Iraqi Democratic rental democratic economy, longer Today one of the strongest forms contradiction between the issue of competence, and the issue of justice, where missed this model regrettably more than half a decade of development for Oncdadeh to the issue of justice in the distribution and Malana intensive at the expense sufficiently productive because isolation between the concept of a market economy and the concept of economy government within the agenda of weak economic characterization .
as historically noticed that the Iraqi private activity may coexist on a centralized economy in various stages over the past seventy years in order to have a role in the conduct of economic activity relative efficiency and contribute to the formation of GDP outside the oil sector. Dilemma President still As noted in the installation of the economic agenda of the economic system of democratic rent in Iraq, where coexist on the illusion that the private sector and the market economy can assume the burden of development as long as the welfare state welfare state functioning distribution of resources and capabilities that are بقبضتها resulting from the oil resources are tend constantly to justice and inclusiveness.
at a time when waiting for the private sector role of the state to add something to productive resources to take the lead in investment and real production. On this basis, grew economic system is lacking for cooperation and the correlation between economic activity and the National Economic activity of government within the movement overall productivity of the economy, and thus is not available Association integrative worth mentioning in the development of economic activity and raise sufficiently productive and move the wheel market economy, a relationship like the so-called Baltmana joint mutual exclusive.
Each side believes that the other side will hold the reins of economic initiative in building development and initiate investment real joined by the other, and so missed the country’s efforts early years the last five in a vicious circle caused by the absence of economic identity to characterize the economic system in terms of the availability of the bases and principles that govern the behavior of economic order to face problems and generating function social benefit form optimization optimum optimum optimonum in the use of resources and distribution. and out of trouble enough with ensuring that the appropriate amount of justice, requires characterization economically politically new function of social welfare in order to allow truly building strategic long-term public budget within data preference second second best re-allocation of resources to achieve economic optimization according to what you eat modern welfare theory.
If on top of this characterization political should be put in the tasks and the border between the state’s economy and the market economy and the statement of extensions and roles Mutual both economies within agenda or identity economic disclose limits efficiency and level of consistency with the limits of justice. On this basis, perhaps سنتحول little to literature academic in the field theory of economic well-being of modern , where linked fitness to achieve sufficiently productive level of stability and economic balance and absorb state resources surplus or Off untapped, especially the labor force unemployed, which is an important criterion and indicator of the high level of efficiency.
To re-characterization of the economic system of Iraq and providing a political framework an economic function of social welfare puts the country in front of importance of efficiency and balance and stability while ensuring justice, the cycle Altmana joint activity and government activity in the rentier state of Iraqi democracy, should be broken really by generating function social welfare becomes a state: of state sponsor a maximum to a state contribution wider management activity Economic with the private sector. On this basis, any partnership projects will serve the right economic model for the rentier state of democracy to achieve progress and to maximize the economic and social well-being. On this basis, the strategic future of the public budget should be based on an economic basis additional building goals, including: a – Partnership with the private sector in building investment and development and the strengthening of economic activity to ensure efficiency and optimal use of resources according to quantitative indicator real shows low unemployment and growing levels of economic growth real. b – make physical infrastructure of the tasks of the economy the government and its activities undertaken during the next five years on a large scale. c – remove forms of government support is justified and waste scandalous it and direct it towards targeting poverty and poor classes and advancement, as continues to constitute this layer approximately 20 % of the components of Iraqi society that coexist on the poverty line, which requires effort professionally and on the ground to restrict statistically and advancement. d – build dream Iraqi to be the residence of every Iraqi family promised that target gentleman in building social and economic stability of the new Iraq. e to move towards ensuring income and living Decent both reached retirement age in the private sector so as to cancel the idea that public service is an insurance policy for those who reached the age of retirement. Which requires the expansion of programs private pension funds promised an input strategically Iraqi state trendy to ensure that the individual and strengthens the concept of state sponsors of citizens who devotion in serving the country. that achieve the strategic objectives of the general budget in the context of characterization economic political function of social welfare according to the principles referred to above, to be from being a new framework for the advancement of competence productivity that the country suffers from declining, which has become a major burden on justice, prosperity and a drain for the present the country’s economic and future.
Thus, the proposed model to transform the rentier state Democratic state sponsor absolute moving towards the idea of justice single to rentier state contribution check sufficiently and justice at the same time, it will be closer to what he described as economic Nash 1950, which counted a function of social welfare and characterization of political economic as function check fitness if Matuge community uncooperative to sharing prosperity shift towards cooperating community, which he named the game cooperative cooperative game. thus Iraq will inevitably sufficiently productivity and justice to achieve a level of proportionality between political democracy within the framework of the rentier state.
